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Dolor ; 18(51): 10-16, jul. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677763

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El dolor neuropático es uno de los sindromes dolorosos más complejos. Su tratamiento farmacológico es refractario a los tratamientos convencionales, pero actualmente el uso de fármacos neuromoduladores, como los gabapentoides, han demostrado efectividad en el manejo analgésico de esta patología, no estando aún descritas en nuestro país las dosis terapéuticas de gabapentoides para el manejo del dolor neuropático. Objetivo: Determinar la dosis de gabapentoides utilizada en el manejo del dolor neuropático en pacientes ambulatorios atendidos en la unidad de dolor y cuidados paliativos del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile. Material: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-prospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico de dolor neuropático, atendidos ambulatoriamente en la Unidad de Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos, durante el periodo marzo 2008 a febrero del 2009. Se realizó el tratamiento farmacológico en base al modelo de escalera analgésica. Luego del seguimiento, se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y el tratamiento farmacológico prescrito, definiéndose como eficacia analgésica, disminución en la intensidad del dolor en puntación de escala visual análoga, disminución de puntaje en cuestionario DN4, funcionalidad en escala Karnofsky y mejoría del insomnio. Se realizó análisis con test de Student y test de Wilcoxon para datos emparejados, en programa estadístico Stata versión 10.0 ®, considerando un p-value significativo <0.05. Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado, ingresaron un total de 96 pacientes. De ellos, cumplieron con criterio de dolor neuropático definitivo y registros completos un total de 86 (89,6 por ciento), los que constituyeron la muestra final de este estudio. Se encontraron 62 (72,1 por ciento) pacientes de sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 55,3 +/- 14,8 (28-84) años y 24 (27,9 por ciento) pacientes de sexo masculino con edad promedio de 54,8 +/- 19,3 (18-84), sin diferencias significativas por sexo (p=0,88)...


Introduction: Neuropathic pain is one of the most complex pain disorders and also resistant to conventional drug therapy, however, the use of neuromodulating drugs such as gabapentoid dosage for managing neuropathic pain has not been described in Chile. Objetive: To determine the dose of gabapentoids to has to be used to manage neuropathic pain in outpatients undergoing treatment at the Pain and Palliative Care Unit of Universidad de Chile Hospital. Materials: A descriptive prospective study of outpatients of the Pain and Palliative Care Unit diagnosed with neuropathic pain was conducted within a period of time starting March 2008 through February 2009. Subsequently, demographic, clinical, and drug therapy variables were analyzed, defining as analgesia efficiency the reduction of pain intensity according to the visual analogue scale, a reduced DN4 questionnaire score, functionality in Karnofky scale, and improvements in terms of insomnia. Analysis was made using Student and Wilcoxon test for paired data in statistical program Stata 10.0 ®, with a significant p-value <0.05. Results: A total 96 patients were studied within the term mentioned above. From this total, 86 (89.6 percent) patients complied with a definitive neuropathic pain criterion and full records, wich were the final sample of this study. No significant differences per gender were found among the 62 (72.1 percent) female patients whose average age was 55.3 +/-14.8 (28-84) and the 24 (27.9 percent) male patients whose average age was 54.8 +/- 19.3 (18-84). The main diagnoses were lumbago (16 percent), but no differences per gender were found. The final doses determined after using gabapentoids were 693.3 +/- 367.4 mg. for gabapentin and 168.8 +/- 87.3 for pregabalin. In connection with the instruments applied, the intensity of pain scored according to EVA scale and DN4 scale were significantly reduced (p<0.01) in 61.1 percent (7.2 v/s 2.8) and 68.9 percent (5.8 v/s 1.8), respectively (figures 1...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Pain/drug therapy , Pain Management , Nervous System , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/therapeutic use , Palliative Care/methods , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
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